Evaluating News: "Fake News" and Beyond: Point of View

Magazines, newspapers, broadcasters and organizations may have a reputation for being politically left or right. They may be associated with a particular political party, religious movement, or they may have a one-issue cause (environmentalists). Some media outlets readily acknowledge a bias while others have unacknowledged bias, and still others strive to present a variety of viewpoints.

Bias is neither positive or negative but indicates the filters through which a source may interpret the information they present. Individual contributors to any of the media outlets or organizations listed below may not conform to the source’s label. Evaluate each document within a source for the individual author’s point of view.

When deciding if a source is being objective about the information presented, look for some of the following techniques used to convince readers that what they are reading is fact when it may not be:

1. Persuasive (“loaded”) language—using words and sentences that solicit a positive or negative response from the reader or that lead the reader to a specific conclusion.
2. Misquoting a source—this often happens in the media when reporters reword, paraphrase, or manipulate a statement or source’s information.
3. Selective facts—taking information out of context or selective use of data—picking only information that supports the argument and leaving out the rest.
4. Distortion or stretching the facts—making issues more extreme by using misinformation or exaggeration.
5. Flawed research—basing a claim on too small a sample, manipulating statistics, using “fuzzy science” or “bad math,” failing to report contrary conclusions from other scientists.

This Media Bias Chart from AllSides is a great visualization of media sources and where they fall in regards to bias on the political spectrum.